Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an advanced method in assisted reproductive technology. In this procedure, a single sperm cell is directly injected into the cytoplasm of a mature egg using a fine glass needle. This bypasses natural barriers to fertilization and allows embryologists to achieve fertilization even in cases where sperm quality or motility is severely compromised. ICSI is particularly significant in the treatment of male infertility, such as when sperm counts are very low,