Background The evidence on associations between ultra-processed foods (UPF) and lung cancer risk is limited and inconsistent.

A 9-year-old girl presented with a 9-week history of persistent coughing. She was HIV-negative, had no prior health issues, no history of asthma or recurrent infections and reported no known contact ...

Circulating miRNAs and childhood asthma ICS response: a stratified analysis in the intervention arm of an RCT with vitamin D effect modification ...

Background Switching inhalers to cheaper equivalent products is often advocated as a necessary cost saving measure, yet the impact on patient’s health and healthcare utilisation has not been measured.

Introduction The gender-age-physiology (GAP) index is an easy-to-use baseline mortality prediction model in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The GAP index does not incorporate exercise capacity ...

It is customary—albeit perhaps simplistic—to identify four ethical principles as the basis for good medical practice.1 These are beneficence, non-maleficence, respect for autonomy, and justice, ...

Rationale Two distinct acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) subphenotypes have been identified using data obtained at time of enrolment in clinical trials; it remains unknown if these ...

Background: Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, and muscle wasting. Systemic inflammation may be involved in ...

BACKGROUND The pulmonary antioxidant glutathione may limit airway inflammation in asthma. Since paracetamol (acetaminophen) depletes the lung of glutathione in animals, a study was undertaken to ...

Skeletal muscle dysfunction acquired during critical illness (intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired weakness, ICUAW) plays a pivotal role in clinical outcomes such as liberation from mechanical ...

Background Rates of mortality and readmission are high in patients hospitalised with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). In this population, the prognostic value of ...

Background Early detection of lung cancer saves lives, as demonstrated by the two largest published low-dose CT screening trials. Optimal implementation depends on our ability to identify those most ...