During the 1930s, some 1.3 million Americans from the Midwest and southwest migrated to California, which had a population of 5.7 million in 1930s. The arrival of Okies and Arkies set the stage for ...

A USDA study of how 26 Mexican produce exporters complied with the FMSA included eight farms that began to export after 2011. Most Mexican export farms grow several fruits and vegetables, specialize ...

Agriculture employed a quarter of the world’s workers in 2019. The share of the world’s workers employed in agriculture fell from 1.1 billion or 40 percent of 2.6 billion workers in 2000 to 884 ...

The US Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Expenditure Survey reported that there were 133.6 million US "consumer units" or households in 2021. They had an average of 2.5 persons, 1.3 earners and 1.9 ...

An eighth of California crop workers migrated, typically commuting between homes in Mexico and a California residence. Most migrants had one farm employer in California, while fewer than five percent ...

A similar review of farm labor in vegetables estimated that 31,000 workers were required to harvest 74,000 acres of asparagus, followed by 17,000 workers to harvest 285,000 acres of lettuce and 15,000 ...

Dominica became independent in 1978 and began selling passports for a donation of $100,000 or a $200,000 investment in real estate in the 1980s.

Legacies. The Bracero program was ended for many reasons, including the mechanization of cotton and sugar beet harvesting, economic evidence that the presence of Braceros reduced the wages of US farm ...

The H-2A program allows US farmers who anticipate shortages of seasonal workers to be certified by DOL to recruit and employ H-2A workers to fill seasonal jobs for up to 10 months. There is no cap on ...

The US Bureau of Labor Statistic's Consumer Expenditure Survey reported a total of 132 million US "consumer units" or households in 2019. They had an average of 2.5 persons, 1.3 earners and 1.9 motor ...

The top 10 states accounted for ⅔ of H-2A jobs certified in FY22; Change in Position FY22/FY21 Positions Certified FY22; New York: 684: 9,876: Texas ...

Employment in California agriculture (NAICS 11) averaged 404,000 in 2020, 10 percent more than average agricultural employment of 367,000 in 1990. Seasonality, as measured by the peak-trough ratio or ...