The intensified ICE enforcement after Miller's late May order renewed long-running concerns among farmers about ICE operations targeting their workforce. Nearly half the nation's approximately 2 million farm workers lack legal status, according to the departments of Labor and Agriculture, as do many dairy and meatpacking workers.

Monday’s reversal of that guidance comes after Trump posted on Truth Social over the weekend that he wants to “expand efforts to detain and deport illegal Aliens in America’s largest cities, such as Los Angeles, Chicago, and New York, where Millions upon Millions of Illegal Aliens reside.”