Stellarators are fusion machines which contain hot, ionized matter (plasma) within a magnetic field of remarkable strength ...

It is plasma, a lively, tricky, often dangerous state of matter whose distinctive characteristic is that its particles are electrically charged. Scientists call it “the fourth state of matter ...

Nature does not give up her secrets easily.” Such are the sentiments of NIF Senior Scientist John Lindl, summarizing the ...

The universe has two kinds of matter. There is invisible dark matter, known only because of its gravitational effects on a ...

In Marvel’s Iron Man 2, the protagonist, Tony Stark, creates a new element to power the arc reactor in his chest and the mech suit he wears in superhero mode. It remains one of the coolest ...

A comprehensive review explores how particles containing heavy quarks (known as charm and bottom hadrons) interact in a hot, ...

A research team from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a novel large-scale compound cryopump (multi-stage cryopump) capable of separating ...

Bright flashes of enigmatic radio waves have helped illuminate some of the missing matter in the universe, astronomers say in ...

Plasma—the electrically charged fourth state of matter—is at the heart of many important industrial processes, including those used to make computer chips and coat materials. Simulating those ...