Key Points: Russia's TOS-1 Buratino and its upgraded TOS-1A Solntsepek are T-72 tank-chassis-mounted heavy thermobaric rocket launchers designed to devastate light armored vehicles, fortifications ...

Vacuum bombs, also known as thermobaric weapons, are some of the most destructive non-nuclear weapons in modern warfare. These bombs, such as the Russian TOS-1A system, use fuel-based explosives to ...

A M109A6 Paladin 155mm self-propelled howitzer stands camouflaged on a Ukrainian position on May 18, 2023 in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. The US-supplied weapon was used to destroy the TOS-1 systems ...

Russia has been using thermobaric rocket launchers since the early days of the war in Ukraine and its airborne units have now received deliveries of the feared TOS-1A "Solntsepek," according to ...

In late 2022 footage also emerged of TOS-1 multiple rocket launchers reportedly being used around the Donetsk city of Bakhmut. Thermobaric weapons use oxygen to create a high-temperature explosion.