In presynaptic nerve terminals, the endocytic apparatus rapidly restores synaptic vesicles after neurotransmitter release. Many endocytic proteins localize to the periactive zone, a loosely defined ...

The protrusions were engulfed by Bergmann glia processes. Images were captured by focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) and 3D reconstructed using computer software. B shows a close ...

Neuronal transmission at a synaptic contact is determined by the number of synaptic vesicles exocytosed from the presynaptic bouton and the postsynaptic responsiveness to transmitter released from a ...

To monitor presynaptic bouton structure alongside axonal mitochondria, we transduced neurons of the mouse primary and secondary motor cortex (M1 and M2) with an AAV that co-expressed cytosolic EGFP ...

In both cases, PNs dialed down their bouton number, making 25–50% of the boutons they make in wild type. This allowed the KCs to receive their typical number of inputs. If in contrast bouton number ...

Changes in presynaptic boutons of layer 2/3 neurons. (A) Presynaptic marker SYP-GFP coexpressed with tdTomato in a layer 2/3 excitatory neuron. White arrows mark persistent boutons, red arrows mark ...

In axons, an action potential (AP) is thought to be broadcast as an unwavering binary pulse over its arbor, driving neurotransmission uniformly at release sites. Yet by recording from axons of ...