In this paper, we experimentally and theoretically show the improvement in noise characteristics in a distributed Raman amplifier (DRA) system for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission, ...

Firstly, the noise reduction effect of the GF algorithm is analyzed relying on two actual slope engineering cases, and the DeepAR point prediction based on the original data is also compared with the ...

With the right treatment, a loft conversion can become the ultimate restful retreat, as our round-up of ideas proves ...