Instead, one could modulate a carrier by changing its instantaneous frequency, which is frequency modulation or FM and is used for high-fidelity broadcasting. Yet another way to modulate a carrier is ...

AM, or amplitude modulation, was the earliest way of sending voice over radio waves. That makes sense because it is easy to modulate a signal and easy to demodulate it, as well.

The integration of subcarrier modulated signals into Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), has brought forth new layers of complexity in signal acquisition and tracking, stemming from their ...