Real-time monitoring of spinal cord hemodynamics with laser speckle contrast imaging during pedicle subtraction osteotomy in rabbits ...

A microwave photonic mixing approach to laser Doppler frequency shift (DFS) measurement employed for high-velocity estimation is proposed. Based on optical carrier-based microwave interferometry, the ...

The tightly coupled integration of strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) and 2-D laser Doppler velocimeter (2D-LDV) enhances system robustness by directly using raw 2D-LDV measurements, making ...