More than three decades ago, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) as the first ...

Our immune system spans two worlds—innate and adaptive. Innate immune cells are like troops at the gate ready to hold off invaders and raise the body's alarms. Adaptive immune cells are ...

The immune system can work in two ways: the innate immune system reacts to any foreign invaders that are identified by immune ...

Groundbreaking study reveals TR1 cells' crucial role in immune response to malaria, paving way for new vaccines and drugs.

This immune response is slow to develop, highly specific against pathogens, and uses memory cells. In addition, there is the innate immune system, which responds much faster to invaders and serves ...

White blood cells circulate in the blood and lymphatic ... If pathogens manage to bypass the innate immune system, macrophages will attack them. Macrophages will also produce substances called ...

It is hard to successfully fight a virus without the antibodies and other virus-specific cells created by the adaptive immune system, Whiteley explains, but the generalized response of the innate ...

What happens when the dengue virus enters the body? What kind of immunity cells does it encounter? What does the body's ...

The body’s innate immune system senses damage signals, like heat shock proteins (HSP70), and sounds the alarm, mobilizing dendritic cells to fan the flames of inflammation. Antigen-presenting ...

Researchers created a light-powered phagobot that merges macrophage immune activity with optical control, allowing activation ...

Sunshine may hold healing rays for a variety of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Scientists are turning this ...