Wolff-Michael Roth, Where Is the Context in Contextual Word Problems?: Mathematical Practices and Products in Grade 8 Students' Answers to Story Problems, Cognition and Instruction, Vol. 14, No. 4 ...

Many children never master fractions. When asked whether 12/13 + 7/8 was closest to 1, 2, 19, or 21, only 24% of a nationally representative sample of more than 20,000 US 8th graders answered ...

Studies have shown that a significant portion of students— about one third —don’t make much progress in their understanding of the topic between 4th grade, when operations with fractions are ...