The spreading of the pulse energy then overlaps with the energy of subsequent pulses, a phenomenon known as intersymbol ...

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This paper proposed a modulation recognition algorithm for M-QAM signals by the constellation diagram which does not require the prior information. Firstly, this scheme estimates the modulation ...

Everyone likes a diagram. Diagrams often help make an issue clear-except when they don't. There are plenty of diagrams that really do not convey information to the viewer, and that is a sad state for ...

Signal space representation, also known as constellation diagram or signal constellation, is a graphical representation of the symbols used to convey information over a communication channel. It ...

Automatic modulation classification, constellation diagrams, and gradient-based methods for visualization of the model predictions are core components of our study.

The results show that the constellation diagram under sunny condition is clear, and the value of BER is about 10?4.2 after 16PSK-OFDM optical signals pass through 500 m FSO link. Note that, the ...