Uteroplacental insufficiency causes intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and decreases plasma levels of the branched-chain amino acids in both humans and rats. Increased fetal oxidation of these ...

Objective To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the influence of acute and chronic prenatal exercise on fetal heart rate (FHR) and umbilical and uterine blood flow metrics. Design ...

The objective of this study is to present and describe the fetal heart rate appearance in pregnancies complicated by an antenatal spontaneous umbilical cord hematoma that resulted in a live birth.

Heart and blood conditions like high blood pressure Medical conditions that may cause blood clots ‌ Placental insufficiency can also occur if there are developmental issues with the placenta.