In 1081, while the Byzantine Empire was mired in a succession crisis, Robert Guiscard, Norman Duke of Apulia-Calabria, sought to take advantage and launched his conquest. To maintain appearances, he ...

in 1080 Bohemond accompanied his father leading the Norman army that attacked the Byzantine Empire through Thessaly, defeated the Varangian Guard at Dyrrachium, and reached Larissa, although he ...

Then came the Arabs roaring out of Arabia in 636—four years after Mohammed's death—starting the conquest of their ... of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire in 1453 can be said to have ...

The coins are thought to have been buried around the time of the Muslim Conquest of the Levantine Byzantine Empire in 635 AD. A cache of 44 solid gold coins from the Byzantine-era was discovered ...

When someone stashed 44 gold coins into a wall in the seventh century, they may have hoped to one day return and find their treasure again. Instead, almost 1,400 years on, the coins have been ...

But it was only the Norman ... empire. Among their massive buildings, using rounded arches and massive cylindrical pillars, were between 500 and 1,000 castles, virtually nonexistent in pre ...

Archaeologists are hoping to uncover rare evidence of the Norman conquest ... when the empire was expanding. If so, it would provide rare evidence of the conquest of Cumbria by King William ...