The acidic, metalliferous mine spoil reduced seed germination of lodgepole pine and Scots pine, and nine-week-old seedlings did not form mycorrhizas in a pot study. The main ectomycorrhizal fungus ...

The beetles can kill many species of pines, but the current outbreak is mainly in lodgepole pine. Mitton and Ferrenberg’s primary beetle study site is at an elevation of 10,000 feet at the Mountain ...