The sulfuric acid-catalyzed conversion of paper wastes in gamma-valerolactone (GVL) or dioxane leads to the formation of levulinic acid (LA) and formic acid (FA), which can be converted to GVL by ...

Catalytic transformation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (γ-GVL) is an important route for biomass upgradation. Because both Bro̷nsted and Lewis acidic sites are required in the cascade ...