For decades, the Western aid industry became ever more powerful in Sudan, even as it grew quieter about the reasons for underdevelopment. Rather than combat the root causes of poverty, NGOs served ...

Abstract: Federated edge learning (FEL) deploys a machine learning algorithm by using devices distributed on the edge of a network, trains massive local data, uploads the local model to update the ...

The presiding officer (PO) of a disciplinary hearing is required to be neutral and objective and must take into account all relevant evidence from both sides before arriving at a verdict. Later in the ...