Authoritarian regimes often enforce strict clothing laws to assert their dominance over their citizens' physical and ideological autonomy.

The report highlights Iran’s escalating reliance on technology to monitor and punish women defying the mandatory dress code. Central to this crackdown is the “Nazer” mobile application, a government-backed tool that allows citizens and police to report women for alleged violations.

Iranian authorities are deploying drones, facial recognition technology, and mobile applications to monitor and punish women who defy the country’s mandatory hijab laws, the United Nations has warned.