Republicans will need to stay largely united to pass the plan with tight margins in both chambers. In the House, Speaker Mike Johnson may have only one Republican "no" to spare.

A version of this article appears in print on , Section A, Page 18 of the New York edition with the headline: The Supreme Court Gives a Free Pass to Trump and Future Presidents.

While several states, including Texas and Georgia, have passed new restrictive voting laws, others, like Nevada and Vermont, have increased voters' ballot access.