There is, furthermore, a persistent feeling that the life cycle concept adds luster and believability to the insistent claim in certain circles that marketing is close to being some sort of science.

Biotechnologists engineer microorganisms to produce commodities by iterating the design-build-test cycle until, via continuously improving intermediates, the highest producers are found.

As a biological concept, the cell cycle is defined as the period between ... to the potential for disease and injury repair via stem cell therapies. Image: Steve Gschmeissner/Science Source.

This image shows the replication cycle of HIV/SIV. The virus replicates in the body's own CD4+ T helper cells. In doing so, it introduces its own genetic information into the DNA of the host cell.

The cycle starts all over again. Image caption, The water cycle is the journey water takes as it moves from the land to the sky and back again. It follows a cycle of evaporation, condensation ...

C.S. Holling first introduced the concept of the adaptive cycle in 1986 to describe cycles of change in ecosystems. Movement through these phases is not rigid or predetermined. In the front part of ...