Here’s a look at that history: 1947-48 With the end of British colonial rule in 1947, the Indian subcontinent was divided into what became Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan.

After conflict throughout the 1990s and escalation between India and Pakistan at the end of the decade, Kashmir became one of the most militarized areas in the world.

Bloody conflict between the two peoples goes back more than a century. Under the Soviet Union, Nagorno-Karabakh became an autonomous region within the republic of Azerbaijan.

An Indian Army vehicle moves through a street in Uri, in Indian-administered Kashmir, as tension between India and Pakistan rises May 8, 2025. Faisal Khan/Anadolu/Getty ...

After a regional war in 1971 that led to the creation of Bangladesh, Pakistan and India decided to revisit the unsolved issue of Kashmir. In December 1972, the countries announced that they had ...

And so it goes after the brief but bruising conflict between nuclear rivals India and Pakistan with both sides loudly talking up their successes while quietly down-playing losses.