Lower extremity strength, reflexes, and sensation are tested ... Flexibility is tested with lumbar spine flexion and extension.

An MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) can reveal spinal lesions. The spine has historically been challenging to image because of movement during the scan — breathing, cardiac movement ...

What is an arachnoid cyst? Arachnoid cysts are the most common type of brain cyst. They are often congenital, or present at birth (primary arachnoid cysts). Head injury or trauma can also result in a ...

Pterosaur cervical vertebrae had unique specializations, varying morphologically between species and in different areas of the neck within the same individual (Wellnhofer 1991a, Kellner & Tomida 2000, ...

Objectives To investigate the incidence, distribution and radiological characteristics of dural ossification (DO) associated with ossification of ligamentum flavum (OLF) in the thoracic spine. Design ...