Further research by scientists like Ernest Rutherford categorized radioactive emissions into alpha, beta, and gamma rays, leading to the understanding of radioactive decay and the concept of half ...

After emitting an alpha or beta particle, the nucleus will often ... leaves mass number and atomic number unchanged; gamma rays produce the least ionization.

That isn’t the only way to measure gamma radiation, though, and [Alan] has a great circuit to measure even relatively weak radiation sources. It uses a very small photodiode, and draws so little ...

Broser and Kallmann 1 have shown that mono-energetic alpha-particles give pulses of ... obtained when studying the pulse-height from the gamma-rays emitted by different substances.