Defect states play a crucial role in determining the electronic, optical, and transport properties of materials, especially at the nanoscale, where the surface-to-volume ratio is high, and defects can ...

Surface-to-volume ratio is a fundamental concept in nanotechnology ... This enhancement is attributed to the reduction in the number and size of defects, as well as the increased influence of surface ...

The theoretical modeling of defects has improved dramatically over the past decade. These tools are now applied to a wide range of materials issues: quantum dots, buckyballs, spintronics, interfaces, ...