For example, activities like research presentations contain both the learning activity as well as the assessment. Regardless, summative assessments occur after the completion of learning activities, ...

Summative assessments evaluate learning at the end of a unit ... Use language, scenarios, and examples that reflect the diverse lived experiences of your students without assuming specific cultural ...

It is the use of the assessment that makes it formative. If evidence of student achievement is not used to adapt instruction or to give feedback to students to improve their learning, it is summative ...

Summative assessments are implemented at the end of a unit ... Mitigate cultural and other biases by using language and examples relevant to the diverse lived experiences of students. Example: Avoid ...