Average aortic valve gradients across the series of 5 cases: Post-surgical valve replacement gradient (8-13 years prior) = 13.82 mmHg Mean gradient prior to ViV = 58.60 mmHg ...

A total of 267 patients were assigned to the valve-replacement group and 133 to the control group. At 1 year, the win ratio favoring valve replacement was 2.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56 ...