What happens when crusaders fight for a caliphate? This video tells the remarkable story of Christian warriors who served the Almoravid Caliphate against the Almohads. Set during the height of the ...

Mongol rule brought not only Mongolian culture, but influences from other parts of the empire as well, such as China and Persia. This was seen in areas like art, food, and military organization.

In the 1200s, European rulers trembled before Mongol forces sacking their cities. But then the army withdrew—the reason why is still up for debate.

Internal squabbling, succession battles and attrition from enemy attacks eventually fragmented the Mongol Empire, which began to collapse in the middle of the 14th century.

Manvir Singh reviews “The Mongol Storm,” by Nicholas Morton; “The Horde,” by Marie Favereau; “Empires of the Steppes,” by Kenneth W. Harl; and “Nomads,” by Anthony Sattin.

Mongol rule brought not only Mongolian culture, but influences from other parts of the empire as well, such as China and Persia. This was seen in areas like art, food, and military organization.