Publicists comparing the three great Polish uprisings of 1794, 1830 and 1863 usually conclude that none had a chance of success, however, compared to the previous ones, the January Uprising was ...

However, their fates differed – and so did the influence the uprising would have on their future work. It is difficult to measure the influence of the year 1863 on Polish art. The January Uprising was ...

TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. About the Archive This is a digitized version of an article from The Times’s print archive, before the start of ...