Known as EIS, Electrochemical ... Bode plot derived from the LabOne Sweeper tool, showing both the amplitude and phase of the measured tap water impedance from 10 mHz to 5 MHz. Image Credit: Zurich ...

For each frequency an impedance is determined and plotted (real v. imaginary components). From the plot the corroding system is modeled by an electrical circuit and the corrosion rate of the system ...