The last Sasanid shah died a fugitive in eastern Iran in 651. The caliphate was the governing institution established by Muhammad’s successors to rule the newly conquered empire. The capital of the ...

LISBON, Portugal — The Aga Khan, who became the spiritual leader of the world’s millions of Ismaili Muslims at age 20 as a ...

An urbane but almost mythical figure who saw no contradiction between his life’s religious and secular aspects ...

History often speaks of the continuous rise of Islam with the arrival of Prophet Muhammad in the 7th century. But Buddhism played a major role in a fall of the centre of the Islamic Empire.