The main challenge is that everything is incredibly small. The rotor shaft is 90 micrometers in diameter, and the four coils require winding incredibly thin wire at scales where typical ...
Every stepper motor has a stator and rotor, effectively like any other electric ... ‘stepping’ forward by a set amount on the output shaft. As an example of a basic form you got a unipolar ...
The magnets on the shaft would rotate in a circular motion ... In synchronous EV motors, the rotor turns at the same speed as the rotational magnetic field produced by the stator.