Ultrasonography can be used to examine the tissue layers of the chest wall. The ultrasound beam travels through the administered gel and subsequently penetrates skin, subcutaneous tissue, the ...

According to Russell, chest deformity corrective surgery has historically been some of the most painful surgery out there–until cryoablation. With this procedure, the surgeon freezes a layer of nerves ...

Once the upper portion of the lung is completely detached from the chest wall, the vessels entering the lung are exposed. On the left side, the esophagus and aorta are identified and dissected. On the ...

One of these pleura layers is tightly attached to your lungs, and the other is attached to the lining of your chest wall. There’s a small fluid-filled space between them known as the pleural cavity.