When evaluating the remaining debris microscopically, the researchers found that the hydrodynamic and ultrasonic irrigation techniques were significantly more effective in both straight and curved ...

A continuous ultrasonic irrigation device outperformed conventional needle irrigation in a study comparing the ability of the devices to remove root canal debris (Journal of Endodontics, September ...

Additionally, current preparation and irrigation techniques possess inherent limitations that can reduce the successful eradication of these microorganisms from the root canal system.

Root canal treatment was provided to patients under controlled and standardized conditions. Each tooth was anesthetized with a local anesthetic. A rubber dam was placed, and the operative field ...