The languages in the Indo-European family are spoken by almost half of the world’s population. This group includes a huge number of languages, ranging from English and Spanish to Russian, Kurdish and ...

For over two hundred years, the origin of the Indo-European languages has been disputed. Two main theories have recently dominated this debate: the ‘Steppe’ hypothesis, which proposes an origin in the ...

List of figures -- List of maps -- List of tables -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: The Indo-European debate and why it matters -- Part I. The vexatious history of Indo-European studies. Ideology ...

Paul Heggarty and colleagues present a new framework for the chronology and divergence of languages in the Indo-European family, which places the family’s origin at around 8300 BP – older than ...

Words from a "lost" language spoken more than 3,000 years ago have been discovered on an ancient clay tablet unearthed in Turkey. Archaeologists discovered the tablet earlier this year during ...

Back in the Neolithic age, a group of humans we now call the Proto-Indo-Europeans lived to the north of the Black Sea, where they prepared to take over the world. This culture spread over Europe and ...

From reproductive rights to climate change to Big Tech, The Independent is on the ground when the story is developing. Whether it's investigating the financials of Elon Musk's pro-Trump PAC or ...

We’ve praised the work of Minna Sundberg before, and here, as part of her Stand Still. Stay Silent webcomic, she’s illustrated the family trees of Indo-European and Uralic languages. The full tree is ...

The language family began to diverge from around 8,100 years ago, out of a homeland immediately south of the Caucasus. One migration reached the Pontic-Caspian and Forest Steppe around 7,000 years ago ...

Researchers are still studying the ancient text of an unknown language, written in cuneiform on a clay tablet. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s ...