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The Johns Hopkins investigators say bacteria have long been known to use CRISPR-Cas systems to ... dormant phage to pull parts of the viral genetic code into their genome," says Modell.

Some traits, like height, use a combination of instructions from ... that actually carried the genetic code. To really understand how something works, you have to know what it looks like.

The central theme of molecular biology is confirmed by detailed knowledge of how the four-letter language embodied in molecules of nucleic acid controls the 20-letter language of the proteins ...