I was about ten years old when a horse fly bit me. I was on a camping trip. I saw the giant fly land on my leg. It went to work immediately. Before I even had a chance to brush it off, it ripped ...

Though there are hundreds of different fly species in Minnesota, let’s focus on three categories of biting flies, starting from small to large: black flies, deer flies and horse flies.

“We trapped 350 horse flies and 200 deer flies over 10 weeks in two counties for a study. So, they do work. We just don’t have enough data yet to say how effective they are.” ...

Biologist J.L. Webb, on assignment to study horse flies in California and Nevada in the 1920s, pulled out his stopwatch when he witnessed a fly on a “perfectly calm” cow.

The horse fly (Hybomitra epistates) can inflict painful bites upon people and livestock.Mircea Costina/Shutterstock. Of course, artificial neural networks are not real flies, nor exact models of a ...