The tangent is defined as the single point where a straight line meets a curved surface. The tangent can be determined with a collection of mathematical formulas but is most commonly determined by ...

Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) is the most common industrial technology for closed-loop control. A proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller can be used to control temperature, ...

“There are five fundamental operations in mathematics,” the German mathematician Martin Eichler supposedly said. “Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and modular forms.” Part of the joke, ...

In the paper, the authors find series expansions and identities for positive integer powers of inverse (hyperbolic) sine and tangent, for composite of incomplete gamma function with inverse hyperbolic ...