Mr Putnam has shown that parts of Italy that were ruled by a feudal monarchy around 1300AD ... but made people wary of outsiders. In Europe this started to change around 500AD, when the Catholic ...

He is a historian of medieval warfare ... nobility of Western Europe from those whom they deemed to be their social inferiors. The practice combined the virtues of the feudal warrior — skill ...

These gemstones’ presence speaks to the existence of far-reaching trade networks between Europe and Asia ... craftsmanship.” Pyramid mounts are relatively common medieval English artifacts.

The ruling body of the Channel Island of Sark, Europe's last feudal state, has voted to introduce a fully democratic government. Owners of the island's 40 tenements (divisions of land) had an ...