The lanthanide (4f) and actinide (5f) elements (collectively the “f-block”) comprise around a quarter of the periodic table, and many are essential to key aspects of modern life and society. These ...
The National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) has released the updated Class 12 syllabus for the 2025-26 academic year. Students preparing for the October 2025 examinations should download this new ...