Cubic graphs – those regular graphs in which every vertex has degree three – remain a fertile area of research in both combinatorics and theoretical computer science. These graphs are not only central ...

A translation is a movement of the graph either horizontally parallel to the \(x\)-axis or vertically parallel to the \(y\)-axis. The graph of \(f(x) = x^2\) is the same as the graph of \(y = x^2\).