Spruce up your yard! With cold-weather hardiness, evergreen beauty and a range of sizes and shapes, the many types of spruce ...

Ask the Master Gardener: What are blue-green growths on trees? These are lichens. Lichens are non-destructive, living organisms composed of a fungus and algae living in a symbiotic relationship.

Symbiotic fungi transform terpenes from spruce resin into attractants for bark beetles When metabolizing spruce bark, the insect’s fungal partners release volatile compounds that bark beetles ...

Conifer forests across Europe are under siege from a tiny threat with a gigantic impact. Abnormally high temperatures and summer droughts have helped populations of the Eurasian spruce bark ...