I: Pre-History Through Antiquity” (Bloomsbury Publishing), which she is co-editing; “66 Toilets and Urinals in the Ancient City of Rome: Sanitary, Urbanistic and Social Agency” (Brill), which she is ...

The ancient Romans lived in smelly cities ... Herculaneum and Ostia (cities much better preserved than Rome) had private one-seat toilets, yet they were rarely connected to the main sewer lines. They ...

Throughout history, various cultures have attributed divine significance to toilets, latrines ... and why they mattered so much. In ancient Rome, toilet gods held an especially prominent role ...

However, you can find a less crowded ancient city much closer to Rome in Ostia Antica ... You can even see what the public ...