If secondary sanctions lead to a 10 percent drop in Russia’s oil exports, that could increase the price of Brent crude oil by $6 from its current level of about $71 per barrel, while a 20 percent drop could cause prices to spike by $11, Brooks and Harris wrote.

Russian oil exporters are predicted to take in $153 billion this year, according to the Kyiv institute. Fossil fuels are the single largest source of budget revenue. The imports support Russia’s ruble currency and help Russia to buy goods from other countries, including weapons and parts for them.

The United States has escalated economic measures against India by imposing an additional 25 percent tariff on Indian goods. This directive, announced on August 6, 2025, and effective from August 27,